The information technologies can be perceived as a means of automatization and modernization of business management, increasing income and easier and faster data processing, transferring and saving. Such technology enables multimedia communication of transport information to the users. The monitoring data are processed and converted into information so as to enable decision making at the operation and strategic level. Decision making support improves the decision making and can be applied in the railroad transport system in order to improve its quality. This paper gives a review of different systems that are used for automatic monitoring and inspection of railroad vehicles on five continents, which can be applied in the Railways of Serbia. The system can: detect overheated axle bearings, any flat parts on the rolling surfaces of the wheels, axles overload and car dimensions exceeding the norms. The use of these systems improves the safety, reduces the degradation of vehicles and railroad infrastructure and maintaining cost. This paper shows the number and the nature of accidents on the railroads in Serbia during the period from 2005 to 2010. The annual level of damages was estimated as well as the estimation of the financial benefit of introducing a monitoring system on the railroads in Serbia. The main design for measurement equipment in Serbia, done by CIP was presented. The “high speed” concept with its spectacular results that is applied in EU includes, high quality infrastructure, modern railroad vehicles provided with equipment for monitoring and diagnostics and for perfect organization of the transport, which enables the railroad transport to offer its advantages and have financial benefits. It is necessary that Railways of Serbia begins with introducing modern technologies given the present conditions.
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