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This article presents a new method for determining the effective capacity of a lead-acid battery by applying the least squares theory. Power supply of an isolated power grid can be achieved with a mix of sources, among which the most affordable are solar energy, wind power and fossil fuels. In these cases, the final price of the electricity obtained depends, to a large extent, on the size of the used devices, including those for the storage of electricity. As the lead-acid batteries currently in use are quite expensive, the method presented helps to correctly calibrate them and thus optimize the cost of electricity storage. In comparison with other studies, the presented method uses the theory of minimum square deviations (the method of least squares). The major personal contribution is the elaboration of the method and its experimental verification. In conclusion, using this simple, easy-to-implement method offers an optimal dimensioning path for an expensive component of an isolated power grid, that is, the lead acid battery.
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