Home Proceedings Organization Program News Contact
PDF download
Cite article
Share options
Informations, rights and permissions
Issue image
Vol 14, 2025
Pages: 273 - 278
Original scientific paper
Engineering, Technology and Materials Editor: Darjana Sredić
See full issue

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 

Metrics and citations
Abstract views: 26
PDF Downloads: 17
Google scholar: See link
Article content
  1. Abstract
  2. Disclaimer
Received: 16.09.2025. Revised: 28.10.2025. >> Accepted: 04.11.2025. >> Published: 21.11.2025. Original scientific paper Engineering, Technology and Materials Editor: Darjana Sredić

SODIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION TEST OF TI6AL4V IMPLANT SPECIMENS MANUFACTURED BY ADDITIVE TECHNOLOGY

By
Tünde Anna Kovács Orcid logo ,
Tünde Anna Kovács
Contact Tünde Anna Kovács

Banki Donat Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Óbuda University , Budapest , Hungary

Ahmad Buhairi Minhalina Binti ,
Ahmad Buhairi Minhalina Binti

Doctoral School on Material Sciences and Technology, Óbuda University , Budapest , Hungary

Ferenc Haraszti ,
Ferenc Haraszti

Banki Donat Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Óbuda University , Budapest , Hungary

László Tóth ,
László Tóth

Banki Donat Faculty of Mechanical and Safety Engineering, Óbuda University , Budapest , Hungary

Hassanen Jaber ,
Hassanen Jaber

Biomedical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Thi-Qar , Nasiriyah , Iraq

Zoltán Nyikes
Zoltán Nyikes

DEPARTMENT OF INFORMATICS, Milton Friedman University , Budapest , Hungary

Abstract

Additive technology is a valuable process for medical implant manufacturing. The most common metallic material in this area is the Ti6Al4V alloy. The research aimed to learn the implant material behaviour in saltwater environments. During the sodium chloride test, material quantity and quality loss need to be evaluated. The corrosion resistance tests were performed with a 3% concentration of NaCl solution at 36°C, with a duration of 4, 8, 12, and 16 days. The weight loss quality is determined by the test sample weight measuring before and after the tests. The NaCl solution was also tested to characterize the most relevant quality element, which was retrieved from the implant material during the test. The quality of the lost element is determined by metal ion concentration as determined by an inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscope (ICP). Based on the experimental results, it can be declared that the weight loss increased as a function of time, and the measurable element was the aluminium in the NaCl solution. The chemical component of aluminium can cause many diseases and health problems. It should be stated that the additive Ti6Al4V implant material without surface treatment is not recommended.

Data Availability

All data are available in the article.

Funding Statement

No

References

Arregui, M., Latour, F., Gil, F. J., Pérez, R. A., Giner-Tarrida, L., & Delgado, L. M. (2021). Ion release from dental implants, prosthetic abutments and crowns under physiological and acidic conditions.   Coatings, 11(1), 98.
Chen, W., Zhang, D., Wang, E., Yan, F., Xiang, L., & Xie, Z. (2022). Corrosion Degradation Behaviours of Ti6Al4V Alloys in Simulated Marine Environments. Coatings, 12(7), 1028.
Delgado-Ruiz, R., & Romanos, G. (2018). Potential causes of titanium particle and ion release in implant dentistry: a systematic review.   International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 19(11), 3585.
Ghisheer, M. M., Esen, I., Ahlatci, H., & Akın, B. (2024). Investigation of microstructure, mechanics, and corrosion properties of Ti6Al4V alloy in different solutions. Coatings, 14(3), 277.
Haraszti, F. (2022). Chemical background of contact corrosion between copper and galvanised steel screws. Int. J. Corros. Scale Inhib, 11(4), 1418–1434.
Haydar, H. J., Al-Deen, J., AbidAli, A. K., & Mahmoud, A. A. (2021). Improved performance of Ti6Al4V alloy in Biomedical applications-Review. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1, 012146.
Jomova, K., Makova, M., Alomar, S. Y., Alwasel, S. H., Nepovimova, E., Kuca, K., & Valko, M. (2022). Essential metals in health and disease. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 367, 110173.
Kia, C., Antonacci, C. L., Wellington, I., Makanji, H. S., & Esmende, S. M. (2022). Spinal implant osseointegration and the role of 3D printing: an analysis and review of the literature. Bioengineering, 9(3), 108.
Kónya, J., Jaber, H., Kovács, T. A., & Hargitai, H. (n.d.). Effects of selective laser melting building directions and surface modifications on surface roughness of Ti6Al4V alloy. Discover Applied Sciences, 6(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-024-05656-0
Laupheimer, C. E., Kolianchuk, Y., FitzGerald, R. E., Wilks, M. F., & Jaksch, A. (2024). Toxicological evaluation of vanadium and derivation of a parenteral tolerable intake value for medical devices.   Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 156, 105732.
Morris, D., Mamidi, S. K., Kamat, S., Cheng, K., Bijukumar, D., Tsai, P.-I., Wu, M.-H., Orías, A. A. E., & Mathew, M. T. (2021). Mechanical, Electrochemical and Biological Behavior of 3D Printed-Porous Titanium for Biomedical Applications. Journal of Bio- and Tribo-Corrosion, 7(2), 39. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40735-020-00457-5
Naghavi, S. A., Wang, H., Varma, S. N., Tamaddon, M., Marghoub, A., Galbraith, R., & Liu, C. (2022). On the morphological deviation in additive manufacturing of porous Ti6Al4V scaffold: A design consideration. Materials, 15(14), 4729.
Nicholson, J. (2020). Titanium alloys for dental implants: A review. Prosthesis, 2(2), 110–116.
Noumbissi, S., Scarano, A., & Gupta, S. (2019). A literature review study on atomic ions dissolution of titanium and its alloys in implant dentistry.   Materials, 12(3), 368.
Nsiah-Baafi, E., Andrews, A., Diouf, S., & Olubambi, P. A. (2022). Wear and corrosion properties of spark plasma sintered Ti6Al4V–Al2O3 composites. Open Ceramics, 10, 100260.
Qureshi, Y. (2021). Impact of heavy metals consumption on human health: A literature review.   J. Pharm. Res. Int, 33, 412–421.
Saha, S., & Roy, S. (2022). Metallic dental implants wear mechanisms, materials, and manufacturing processes: a literature review. Materials, 16(1), 161.
Sharp, R., Pelletier, M. H., Walsh, W. R., Kelly, C. N., & Gall, K. (2022). Corrosion Resistance of 3D Printed Ti6Al4V Gyroid Lattices with Varying Porosity. Materials, 15(14), 4805.
Sjögren, B., Iregren, A., Montelius, J., & Yokel, R. A. (2015). Aluminum. In Handbook on the Toxicology of Metals (pp. 549-564). Academic Press.
Tyczyńska, M., Gędek, M., Brachet, A., Stręk, W., Flieger, J., Teresiński, G., & Baj, J. (2024). Trace elements in Alzheimer’s disease and dementia: The current state of knowledge.   Journal of Clinical Medicine, 13(8), 2381.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. . (2025). Public Health Service, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Retrieved February 20, 2025, from https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/toxprofiles/tp58.pdf .
Wang, C., Shang, C., Xu, G., Jing, Z., Liu, J., & Su, Y. (2020). Microstructure and mechanical property improvement of laser Additive Manufacturing Ti6Al4V via the Niobium Addition. Materials Transactions, 61(4), 723–728.

The statements, opinions and data contained in the journal are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publisher and the editor(s). We stay neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.